Limited face-to-face learning on students in inclusive classrooms during the Covid-19 pandemic: Perceptions of elementary school teachers in Indonesia

Implementing limited face-to-face learning (LF2FL) during the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted students in inclusive classrooms. Some of the adjustments teachers and students faced were obstacles and challenges that took time to make. The teacher must comply online learning experience conducted with all its shortcomings during the implementation of LF2FL and its impacts on students, including students with disability. We conducted a study to explore teachers' perceptions of the impact of implementing LF2FL on students in inclusive classrooms in elementary schools. This research used a case study to obtain and examine data in a context that the phenomena will accept in depth. We involved 16 elementary school teachers, conducted semi-structured interviews, and analysed the data using thematic analysis. The results showed two main themes, namely learning outcomes and instructional processes, which emerged for students without disabilities and students with disability. For the learning outcomes, teachers highlighted sub-themes of the cognitive and affective aspects most. The instructional process sub-theme of the interaction was one of the essential aspects of minimising learning loss during online learning from home. Our finding detail in more depth the two types of students, both in terms of similarities and differences of LF2FL on students in inclusive classrooms that contributes to the reconfirmation of knowledge for all students, reduces students' mental stress, and increases student motivation through direct interaction between teachers and students. It is necessary to increase transformational competence in the education system for teachers, especially in the inclusive education system. The government needs to modify the curriculum to be more flexible and adaptive for all students in inclusive elementary schools who can keep up with the changes in education in Indonesia.

Dissemination of Fake News and Information Disorder in Malaysia: A Descriptive Analysis

Dissemination of fake news and information disorder became more apparent in Malaysia since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the factors of dissemination of fake news and information disorder which would help curbing the unhealthy practice from spreading in the society. No study on this issue was found. Quantitative methodology was adopted 303 respondents in the Klang Valley participated in the survey. Findings show that rules must be spelled out in detail to encounter the problem. Demographic and culture, knowledge and awareness are essential too. It is recommended that information and digital literacy must be inculcated to enable the society encountering fake news and information disorder.

Online Learning during Covid-19 Pandemic: How about Scientific Process Skills of Students?

Scientific process skills (SPS) are important as the basis for developing the skills of the 21- century that are required to face the industrial era 4.0 and society 5.0. However, the Covid-19 pandemic allows learning to take place online so that it has an impact on the scientific process skills of students. The purpose of this study was to analyze the scientific process skills of 10∗ grade students at a public high school in Kabupaten Bekasi. Measured aspects of the scientific process skills include observing, interpreting, predicting, planning experiments, communicating and applying concepts. A descriptive quantitative is used as this type of research. The research sample consisted of 211 grade 10∗ students (133 females and 68 males) who had completed learning the concept of simple harmonic oscillation online. The data was collected through tests and interviews. The percentage of the scientific process skill test on the aspect of observing, interpreting, predicting, planning experiment, communicating and applying concepts were 48% (less), 56% (less), 58% (less), 46% (less), 46% (less) and 45% (less), respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts in online learning to improve scientific process skills of students. © 2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.

Evaluating Student Higher Order Thinking on Geometrical Optics in the Distance Learning during Covid 19

Distance learning during covid 19 is in line with future learning in the era of the Industrial revolution 4.0 and Society 5.0. The purpose of this study is to evaluate students' higher order thinking on geometrical optics material as a result of the implementation of distance learning during the covid 19 pandemic. This study uses a cross sectional approach and quantitative descriptive data analysis by investigating the distribution of students' abilities for each aspect, which is then made a percentage based on the assessment criteria. Number of participants N = 306 students from class XI for the academic year 2020/2021, using cluster random sampling based on geographic location. The physics question instruments used are multiple choice questions and descriptions, based on Bloom's revised taxonomy for cognitive levels of analyzing (C4), evaluating (C5) and creating (C6). The results showed that the overall high order thinking of students was in the sufficient category (27.02%). The implications of the results of this study are providing good facilities, emphasizing collaborative learning strategies, and providing application of questions in an effort to improve students' higher order thinking. © 2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.

Exhaustive Studies before Covid-19 Pandemic Attack of Students’ Conceptual Change in Science Education: A Literature Review

This systematic review is aimed to explore the researches that established students’ conceptual change process, both studies that facilitate conceptual change and studies that determined learner characters influencing conceptual change. Overall, 50 studies were examined in this review. The current study focused on the common characteristics of the literature, the conceptual change instructional interventions used and the methods used to assess them. This review generates four averments about the current study: (1) physics subjects have obtained more attention than other science domains;(2) the majority of studies were conducted on undergraduate students of various majors, not only science education students;(3) studies about conceptual change have developed from a cognitive-only perspective to metacognitive aspects;(4) design on conceptual change study has been dominated by quasi experiment with only pre and post-intervention. Based on these averments, the authors invite the future empirical studies to consider affective variables in designing instructional approach, focus on examining pre-service science teachers’ conceptual change through the implementation of an instructional intervention, and apply qualitative data collection methods regarding affective and metacognitive variables through the implementation of an instructional intervention. © 2022, Journal of Turkish Science Education. All Rights Reserved.

Gases Theory Representation Instrument (GeTRI): A Practical Tool to Analyze Sundanese Students’ Conception in the COVID-19 Pandemic

This research purposes to promote a Gases Theory Representation Instrument (GTRI) as a tool to identify the students’ conception on kinetic theory of gases. The method used in this research was FODEM (Formative Development Methods) model which has three comprehensive steps, which are need analysis, implementation, and formative evaluation. The participants involved in this research were 26 high school students in Sundanese tribe. The students’ responses were analyzed using Rasch model, which involved item reliability, person reliability, validity, difficulty level and students’ conception distributions. Students’ conception were classified into six categories which are Sound Understanding (SU), Partial Positive (PP), Partial Negative (PN), Misconception (MC), No Understanding (NU), and No Coding (NC). Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that students’ conception are typically in the SU and PP categories. Besides, the Gases Theory Representation Instrument (GTRI) is reliable and valid to identify students’ conception on kinetic theory of gases. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

Identification of physics problem-solving skills on senior high school students: An evaluation of e-learning during Covid-19 pandemic in Tuban

On the topic of work and energy, students learned the concepts of work and energy, the relationship between work and energy changes, the law of conservation energy, power, and its application in daily-life. This research aimed to identify and evaluate the achievement of physics problem-solving skills of senior high school students on work and energy topics in distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The quantitative method used was pre-experiment with a one-shot case study design. The subjects were determined using the cluster sampling technique. The sample was 246 students of tenth-grade from three schools, namely in the city, middle, and suburb location in Tuban East Java Indonesia. The research results were analyzed by using descriptive quantitative. This research instrument used essay questions and teacher questionnaires. The Kruskal Wallis test showed that the mean of three schools differed significantly by 0.002<0.05. The overall students' physics problem-solving skills on the topic of work and energy are classified as moderate. The fact of these findings suggests that students still have difficulty in useful description, physics approach, specific application of physics, mathematical procedures, and logical progression and consistent reasons. It is necessary to develop teaching materials that can train physics problem-solving skills. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

What do students need during Covid-19? A need analysis of augmented reality with STEAM worksheet (AR-STEAM) in electromagnetic induction

This study aims to collect initial information in designing Augmented Reality-based Physics worksheet with a Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematical (AR-STEAM) approach. The research method used descriptive qualitative by collecting some field research information was carried out by sharing the viewpoints of 26 students (male N=3 and female N=23) who had studied the material of Electromagnetic Induction. Based on field studies using questionnaires, it is known that 69.2% of respondents enjoy learning by using visual media, 66.3% consider the concept of type induction to be very and difficult to apply in real life, 80.8% of respondents say they are happy if physics learning is explained in the form of three-dimensional animation. Therefore, it can be said that the STEAM-AR worksheet is needed in learning physics on the topic of Electromagnetic Induction. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

Parent’s perspective on early childhood learning needs during covid-19 using nvivo 12 software: A case study in indonesia

This case study was conducted with the aim to identify the parent’s perspective on early childhood learning needs while studying at home due to the Covid-19 pandemic. A total of 50 parents (25 fathers and 25 mothers) in one of the Early Childhood Education (PAUD) schools in Bandung, West Java, were recruited as participants in this research. The instrument used was a questionnaire as input to the needs of early childhood. Data were analysed with NVivo 12 software and presented as a percentage based on four indicators, namely: (1) Parents’ needs;(2) Time;(3) Costs;and (4) Children’s needs. The result: (1) As many as 76 percent of parents need a “Cognitive Game” and “Guide” for their children’s education at home;(2) The highest time percentage, 50 percent, refers to the amount of time that parents can spend, especially on their child’s education, which is “More than 30 minutes”;(3) The highest percentage for expenses incurred by parents is 30 percent, namely, for expenses of “More than IDR300,000”;and (4) As many as 86 percent of parents think that their children need “Books” and “Educational Games Tools for their learning. © 2021 Kasetsart University.

Emergency urology procedures during CIVID-19 pandemic: A 2 monthly prospective study

Introduction: COVID-19 resulted in Regional tiered restrictions being introduced across the UK with subsequent implications for planned and emergency care. Specific to Merseyside Tier 4 and Tier 2 restrictions were introduced in late 2020. At the onset of the pandemic in the Spring, elective work ceased, and emergency admissions were minimal. The purpose of this study was to examine the volume and nature of all emergency admissions to a Urology unit in Merseyside in the 2nd wave of the pandemic during two different tiers of national restrictions. Method: A prospective audit examining all emergency urological activity was conducted in Whiston Hospital from October 2020 when the Tier 4 restrictions were introduced to Tier 2 was introduced. Data was obtained by identifying patients using the electronic theatre listing system. Results: A total of 52 emergency cases were performed (24 in November Tier 4, 28 in December Tier 2). A total of 12 different procedures were performed. The commonest procedure performed was stent insertion (26), followed by scrotal exploration (7). One patient required transfer to a different hospital. In total 4 calls were made by general surgery and 2 by gynaecology for urological assistance in theatre. Two urology patients returned to theatre. Direct Consultant involvement occurred in 19 cases (37%). Conclusions: Unlike the Spring lockdown acute urology operations presented despite regional restrictions. A total of 52 cases were performed with more occurring in Tier 2. Stent insertion was the commonest procedure with the majority of the cases performed by registrars.

Post COVID-19 lockdown: measures and practices for dental institutes.

Resuming regular clinical activities at dental premises after the COVID-19 lockdown period or post COVID-19 is likely to be a challenge for all dental institutes. When returning to the dental practice or training, staff and students alike should abide by the new rules and regulations. In the process of controlling viral spread, clinical dental facilities face a higher risk of disease transmission among patients as well as clinical and non-clinical staff. Aerosols formation and diffusion into the surrounding air can be a real concern of viral transmission, if no protective measures are established. We aim in this review to present the currently implemented measures and propose changes in clinical dental facilities to minimize the risk of transmission. Dental professionals should be prepared to treat every patient as a suspected COVID-19 carrier and be ready to receive and manage an overwhelming number of patients. We suggest that dental practices establish a sensible workforce shift schedule, improve ventilation levels, reduce dental aerosol generating procedures, and develop a comprehensive guidance to Healthcare Workers to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission.